Abstract: The advancement of Chinese style modernization in the past century has promoted a general transformation of Chinese society,and this transformation could be understood only by expending to the target of public nature of China’s system,and elucidating the structural relationship among the Party,the people,the nation,and public nature in a deep-going way.Based on carding the related theoretical paradigms,the author puts forward that,differing from the liberal public nature in the west,a socialist new public nature developed by historical practice through the modern transformation in Chinese society,based on creative converting and adaptive merge of both the excellent culture of Chinese tradition and Marxism.The core value is for the people.People’s unity and the unity of society are realized,with a revolutionary party as the core of leadership.Individual “chance” dispose is surpassed by the achievements owned and enjoyed by all people.Fundamentally social ties are set up through depending on the Party’s mass-line.The relationship between order and vitality is properly coordinated by adhering the principle of putting the people at the center,to promote a mutual merge of the state and the people for mutual benefit and progress.The unity of the whole society is enhanced by consultative practice and democratic centralism.It could be said that the new public nature innately comes out from the concrete practice of the modern transformation of Chinese society.Its theoretical paradigm has supplied a proposition of a new morphology of civilization for the future development of human society.