Abstract: There are two orientations in human practice and understanding: subjectivism and problem orientation.Subjectivism stems from the detachment of theory from practice and the contradiction between subjectivity and objectivity.Problem orientation reflects the combination of the basic principles of Marxism with China's specific reality.China's transformation began in backward agricultural countries rather than developed industrial countries,which determines that China's road selection and path exploration can only be problem-oriented.Problem-oriented is based on adapting the basic tenets of Marxism to China's specific realities.This paper demonstrates the problem-oriented approach formed in the Communist Party of China's practice and theoretical innovation over the past Century.This approach is to face the major problems that the country and the nation need to solve directly,to find the real problems through investigation,to define Chinese characteristics with Chinese problems,to grasp the problems with the interaction of productivity and relations of production,and to aim at solving problems of Chinese road.Based on this,the CPC has completed the theoretical creation in the great practice of promoting backward agricultural countries from standing up,getting rich to becoming strong,and formed the theory of building a country,the theory of enriching a country,and the theory of strengthening a country,which are different from the classical theory and the existing model.In the face of the national rejuvenation strategy within the wider context of once-in-a-century changes taking place in the world,the practical exploration and theoretical creation adhered to problem-oriented will provides important assurance to solve major problems in the new era.