督察制度变迁中的纵向治理:以第二轮中央生态环境保护督察为研究对象
Vertical Governance in the Changes of Supervision System: The Second Round Central Environmental Protection Supervision in Focus
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摘要: 《中央生态环境保护督察工作规定》在第二轮中央生态环境保护督察启动前夕正式印发,标志着环保督察正式在制度层面嵌入中国环境治理体系,凸显了中央政府推动其成为一种常态化治理工具的意志。已有研究确认了环保督察制度对回应央地纵向环境治理难题、降低委托—代理风险的作用,但在中央持续强化环保督察制度的背景下,地方政府的应对将给环境治理带来何种实然变化尚缺乏系统阐释。第二轮督察在浙江的实施情况表明,常态化、制度化的中央督察并非追求地方政府运动式的短期执行,而是着眼考量地方政府持续提升生态环境质量的长期能力。相应地,地方政府开展了积极的组织调适,不仅建立健全了省委生态环境保护督察领导小组机制,而且结合本地实际创新性地实施了环境污染问题发现机制,从而推动央地纵向关系形成良性互动,达到增强生态环境治理效能的目标。
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关键词:
- 中央与地方关系 /
- 督察制度 /
- 中央生态环境保护督察 /
- 组织调适
Abstract: Before the launch of the second round of central environmental protection supervision, the Work Regulations of Central Environmental Protection Supervision were officially issued. This suggested that environmental protection supervision has been officially embedded in China’s environmental governance system as a normalized governance tool. Our previous research confirmed the role of the environmental protection supervision in responding to the vertical environmental governance challenges. However, as the central government has been continuouslystrengthening the supervision system, there is still a lack of systematic explanation to the changesin local governments that will bring to environmental governance. The second roundimplementation of central environmental protection supervision in Zhejiang Province shows that the normalized and institutionalized central supervision does not aim for short-term movements, but rather focuses on the long-term ability to continuously improve the quality of environment. Therefore, local governments have carried out active organizational adjustment that not only improves the leading group mechanism of environmental protection supervision under the provincial Party committee, but also implements the discovery mechanism of environmental pollution according to local conditions. All this would lead to an increase in the positive interaction of vertical inter-governmental relationship and the efficiency of environmental governance. -

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