Abstract: The changes in the dominant technological system have triggered a gradual transformation in the structure of production relations.The transformation of technological foundations,value orientations,social needs,and production organizations has led to the emergence of new employment opportunities and models.This article divides new forms of employment into four types: multi-party employment,online task crowdsourcing employment,online matching on-demand employment,self-employment relying on platforms,and explores the changes in their labor economic relationships.Data elements have reshaped the labor relations between workers and platforms,as well as the way labor is combined with means of production,creating a division of labor system that combines decentralized production with centralized control.Platforms use data to actually control and manage the labor process,resulting in frequent overwork,asymmetric labor-capital power game relationships,and differentiated benefit distribution patterns.Therefore,building a differentiated governance structure,regulating platform monopolies,controlling overwork,improving union construction,and ensuring workers’ rights and giving workers the right to benefit,forming a more equitable distribution mechanism are new governance solutions.