论人工智能时代著作权法的功能实现
Realizing the Function of Copyright Law in the Era of Artificial Intelligence
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摘要: 关于是否应当通过著作权法鼓励人工智能创作,正反方观点均以鼓励创造理论为推理前提,得出的结论却并不相同。这说明真实的争议,也存在于对基本功能命题内涵的不同理解中。鼓励创造的含义并不是要人为地制造创作动机或为法外目的更改自身原理,而是尊重事物“是其为是”的本质,设计与之匹配的规则。著作权法只需维持人工智能产业的正常运转,不必为其增添额外激励,否则既无法解释人工智能产业与其他产业的关系问题,也无法解释著作权法与行政政策的区分问题,且会对传统的个体创作产生挫伤效应。这意味着纯指令型人工智能生成内容作品性问题的解决,需回归教义分析:对人工智能生成内容的区别对待,在本质上是基于创作过程之特性的平等对待;之所以需要考察机器的贡献,是因为机器的介入会削弱人的创作行为与创作结果之间因果关系的直接性,实质上仍旧是在考察人的贡献;指令的繁复也不必然意味着稳定指向关系与独创性的成立。Abstract: Regarding whether the copyright law should encourage the use of AI to create works, both the affirmative and negative viewpoints take the theory of encouraging creation as the reasoning premise, but the conclusions drawn are not the same. This indicates that the real controversy also exists in the different understandings of the connotations of the basic functional propositions. The meaning of encouraging creation does not lie in artificially generating creation motives or altering one's principles for purposes beyond the law, but in respecting the essence of things as they are and designing rules that match them. Copyright law only needs to maintain the normal operation of the artificial intelligence industry and does not need to add additional incentives to it. Otherwise, it will be impossible to explain either the relationship between the artificial intelligence industry and other industries or the distinction between copyright law and administrative policies, and has a detrimental effect on traditional individual creation. This implies that the analysis of the copyrightability of pure directive AIGC requires a return to doctrinal analysis:The differential treatment of AIGC is essentially an equal treatment based on the characteristics of its creative process. The reason why it is necessary to examine the contribution of machines is that the intervention of machines will weaken the directness of the causal relationship between human creative behavior and creative results. In essence, it is still an examination of human contribution. The complexity of instructions does not necessarily imply the establishment of stable directional relations and originality.
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Key words:
- copyright law /
- legal function /
- works /
- originality /
- AIGC
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