谢林论神话的起源和本质
Schelling on the Origin and Nature of Mythology
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摘要: 谢林在同一性哲学时期曾经把神话看作哲学的外衣，随后在世界时代哲学时期甚至试图把神话当作哲学本身来处理。但只有到了后期的神话哲学，他才把神话的起源和本质确立为哲学的核心问题，并通过历史−批判的方法对此进行了深入的阐发。在这个问题上，谢林的基本立场是拒绝把神话看作“人为的发明”（既不是任何个人的发明，也不是单个民族的发明），进而批驳了各种诗意的、历史的、科学的、宗教的神话解释，最终从民族的起源和分化以及人类原初意识的角度揭示出了神话的起源和本质。Abstract: In his early and middle periods Schelling saw myth as a veneer of philosophy and even philosophy itself, but it was only in his later philosophy of mythology that he established the origin and nature of myth as a central issue and expounded it in depth through a historical-critical approach. In the process, he rejects the idea that mythology is an “invention”, refutes various poetic, historical, scientific and religious interpretations, and finally reveals the origin and essence of mythology from the perspective of ethnic origins and original human consciousness.
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Key words:
- mythology /
- philosophy of mythology /
- ethnic origins /
- monotheism /
- polytheism
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