“前进的年华里有什么秘密”——路翎晚年创作的心理起点与认识之诗
作者简介:郭冰鑫,复旦大学中文系博士生 (上海 200433)。
摘要: 在与七月派“潜在写作”的对照中,路翎在监狱—劳改生活中的精神失常和不读不写值得作为问题研究,以明确其晚年创作尤其是诗歌创作殊为重要的精神构成。路翎晚年的诗行中既有广为学界讨论的未毁的“心脏”,也有一个怯弱战栗的言说主体需要直面。路翎写作重启时的心理认知接近其小说人物序列中的“弱草”,尤其是《卸煤台下》的人物许小东。以此为起点,路翎以“前进的年华里有什么秘密”为写诗的动力一种,产生强烈的认识动能,经历明亮的歌颂、克制的静观、深入的内面探索和对小我之“失败”的体认,以怯弱渺小而非精神扩张体验到生的奇迹和死的事实。经由晚年的认识之诗,路翎写下自己能否和能以何种方式嵌入中国伟大复杂的历史进程的思索,并在找到最终的落点后离开了诗歌写作。
“What Secrets Lie within the Advancing Years”——The Mental Starting Point of Lu Ling's Later Creations and His Epistemic Poetry
Abstract: In comparison with the potential writing of the Qiyue School (“七月派”), Lu Ling who was in mental sickness ceased reading and writing during his prison life. This phenomenon deserves in-depth research to clarify the crucial spiritual composition of Lu Ling's later creations, especially his poetry. In the poems, there is not only the undestroyed “heart”, but also a timid and trembling speaking subject that needs to be confronted. When Lu Ling restarted his writing, his mental state was similar to the “weak grass” in the sequence of his fictional characters, especially the character Xu Xiaodong in Under the Coal Unloading Platform. Starting from this point, Lu Ling was motivated to write poems by the pursuit of “what secrets lie within the advancing years”. With a strong epistemic impetus, he went through phases of bright eulogy, restrained contemplation, in-depth inner exploration, and the recognition of the “failure” of the self. Lu Ling experienced the miracle of life and the fact of death through timidity and insignificance rather than spiritual expansion. Through his epistemic poetry, Lu Ling wrote about his contemplation on whether and in what way he could be integrated into the great historical process of China. After finding the final answer, Lu Ling stopped writing poetry.