历史与本体—李泽厚哲学思想论略
History and Ontology
-
摘要: 李泽厚提出了三个著名的命题，在理论上对相关思想作了重要的推进。第一个命题是：“经验变先验”，其意义在于从类的层面，解决先天（先验）形式的来源问题。但这一命题还要继之以“先验返经验”，即普遍的形式需要返归于个体之中才可能影响个体的具体行为。第二个命题是“历史建理性”，它指出了合理性的形成与历史过程的联系，但这一命题还需要以“理性渗历史”加以补充，后者肯定了理性本身的开放性。第三个命题是“心理成本体”，它肯定了意识和精神可以沉淀下来，成为个体的内在本体，但这一命题还需越出个体之情并以“本体存心理”作补充，后者所肯定的是普遍本体需要进一步融合到个体的心理形式之中，由此为道德行为提供内在的机制。就权利与善的关系而言，权利应包含善的内容，“善”则不仅包括形式层面的价值原则，而且意味着在实质层面使人的存在方式更人性化。在伦理学领域，同时需要区分人生取向与行为的道德意义，并关注法理意识与良知意识的统一。以人的文化精神生活为指向，李泽厚的“情本体”论包含对人生终极意义的关切，而在性情之辩上，则需要重新关注“心统性情”说。Abstract: Li Zehou has proposed three famous propositions which has made important progress theoretically in related ideas. The first one is “experience becomes a priori”, which means to solve the problem of the source of congenital (a priori) form on the stratum of genre. But this proposition is to be continued by “a priori back to experience”, i.e., only by coming back to individual, can the universal form influence the individual’s concrete behavior. The second one is “history constructs ration”, which shows the relationship of the formation of rationality to the historical process, but this proposition is to be added with “ration penetrates into history”, while the latter proves the openness of ration itself. The third one is “psyche becomes ontology”, which affirms that consciousness and mind could be precipitated into innate ontology of the individual, while this proposition is also need to surpass individual and added by “ontology exists in psyche” which affirms that the universal ontology needs to further merging into the psychological form of the individual, thus to provide moral behavior with innate mechanism. As for the relation between rights and goodness, the rights should include the content of goodness, and “goodness” not only includes principles of value on the stratum of form, but also means on the substantial stratum a more humanized way of human’s being. In the realm of ethics, at the same time, the life orientation must be distinguished from the moral significance of behavior, and concerned with a unity of legal consciousness and conscience. By directing to cultural and spiritual life of human being, Li Zehou’s theory of “ontology of sentiment” contains a concern to the ultimate significance of life, while on the distinction between human nature and human sentiment, it is necessary to re-concern the theory of “mind unifies human nature and human sentiment”.
-
Key words:
- three propositions /
- rights and goodness /
- theory of two ethics /
- sentiment ontology
-
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 3471
- HTML全文浏览量: 547
下载:
沪公网安备 31010102003103号