黑格尔论国家与宗教
作者简介:孙向晨，复旦大学哲学学院教授（上海 200433）
摘要: 黑格尔对于国家与宗教的问题有着广泛的论述，尤其在《法哲学原理》第270节的附释中提供了非常集中和成熟的表述，值得我们细细解读。在近代哲学论述政治与宗教的理论框架以及黑格尔国家学说中有关“主观的实体性”论述的双重视野下，来解读黑格尔对于国家与宗教之间关系的理论，具有重要的启示意义。在黑格尔的哲学中，国家与宗教有着本体论上的内在联系，但在现实中黑格尔主张防止宗教干涉政治，政教分离，在市民社会的层面管理教会，同时国家对教会与教义采取宽容立场。在此前提下，现代政治的认同需要发挥宗教传统的教化作用，以涵养与培育现代国家正确的“政治情绪”。
Hegel on the State and Religion
- Available Online:
2019-04-01
Abstract: The issues of the relation between the state and religion has been discussed widely in Hegel’s works. In the long remark to §270 of Hegel’s Elements of the Philosophy of Right, he provides a very concentrated and mature expression on this issue, which deserves our careful interpretation. This paper interprets Hegel’s theory of the relationship between state and religion in dual perspectives, one is the theoretical framework of modern philosophy on politics and religion, and the other is Hegel’s own theory on " subjective substantiality”. In Hegel’s philosophy of spirit, the state and religion have ontological links, but in real world, Hegel advocates preventing religious interference in politics, separating church from state, managing churches at the level of civil society, and taking a tolerant stance towards churches and doctrines. With this prerequisite, in order to establish the political identity, and to cultivate the correct " political disposition” of the modern state, it is necessary to let the religious or the cultural tradition play a great role in social life.
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