Abstract: This article will sort out the comparative literary traditions that emerged in ancient Chinese society.As a discipline,Chinese comparative literature is undoubtedly influenced by European and American comparative literature,but asa major study paradigm,Chinese comparative literature has a different occurrence and characteristics from European and American comparative literature.The biggest difference between the two lies in the element of “cross-cultural”,which can be seen in the process of the integration and evolution of Chinese literature.The introduction of Buddhism and its completed sinicization have greatly changed the development process of Chinese culture.The translation of Buddhist scriptures and the emergence of the Geyi(“格义”) method from them are important stages of comparative literature in ancient China.The introduction and sinicization of Christianity are still ongoing to this day,but it has also developed a heterogeneous cultural exchange paradigm called the Kuangyi(“况义”) method.Geyi and Kuangyi have become valuable resources for the theoretical research and methodological construction of Chinese comparative literature.