Liberty and Order: The Constructive Logic of Habermas's Political Philosophy
Abstract: Habermas's political philosophy revolves around the relationship between liberty and order. Traditional political philosophy suffers from the phenomenon of disconnection and opposition between liberty and order, which is mainly manifested in:liberalism ovephasizing individual liberty, reducing order to instrumental rules, leading to the atomization of social integration; republicanism's individual autonomy being suppressed by community values, thus neglecting the needs of a pluralistic society; economic and administrative systems eroding the life world, resulting in intensified opposition between liberty and order. Habermas breaks through the theoretical stereotypes of subject philosophy, emphasizing the achievement of consensus through intersubjective equal dialogue and communication, providing a co-existence foundation for liberty and order; believing that the procedural legitimacy based on can promote the dynamic balance between liberty and order; advocating that constitutional patriotism can achieve the institutionalized reconciliation of liberty and order. Although there are theoretical and practical tensions in Haberm's political philosophy in terms of ideal communication situations and the complexity of real society, procedural consensus and value pluralism, communicative rationality and strategic behavior, universalist demands and particularity, it is undeniable that Habermas's political philosophy on the reconciliation of liberty and order still provides a highly enlightening theoretical framework for the effective integration of pluralistic society.
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