找回公众的参与权——一个超大城市公众立法参与的全域协同民主分析框架
Reclaiming the Participatory Rights of the Public——An Analytical Framework of Holistic Collaborative Democracy for Public Legislative Participation in Mega-city
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摘要: 立法中吸纳民意民智、促进公众参与是良法善治的核心要义。在公众参与权利普遍虚置、立法效能与民主价值脱节的现实背景下,立法过程中如何实现广泛有效的公众参与是中国立法方面亟待回应的一个制度难题。研究表明,通过共识性理念协同、制度性主体协同、增量性机制能力协同以及平台性载体协同的合力驱动,全域协同民主将顺利运转起来,并对公众立法参与的广度、范围和深度产生正向影响。中国超大城市场域中生长出的全域协同民主,既找回了公众参与权,又走出了一条超越西方模式、以协同制度供给激活公众立法参与需求的组织驱动型民主之路。Abstract: The inclusion of public opinions and wisdom and the promotion of public participation in legislative processes are among the basic principles of good governance. Against the backdrop of public participatory rights being largely nominal and a disconnect between legislative efficacy and democratic values, how to achieve broad and effective public participation in the legislative process constitutes an institutional challenge that China's legislative system urgently needs to address. The findings show that collaborative democracy successfully enhances the breadth, scope and depth of public participation in law-making through the synergy of consensus-based approaches, institutional actors, incremental capacity-building mechanisms and platform-based vehicles. The regional collaborative democracy emerging in China's megacities not only reclaims the participatory rights of the public, but also demonstrates an organizationally-driven democratic path that transcends the Western models and activates legislative participation demands of the public through collaborative institutional arrangements.
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