Citation:
LU Mingjun. Simulacra, Pattern Recognition, and Computational Formalism——Reflections on the Application of AI in Artistic Practice and Art History Research[J]. Academic Monthly, 2026, 58(8): 41-55.
Simulacra, Pattern Recognition, and Computational Formalism——Reflections on the Application of AI in Artistic Practice and Art History Research
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Abstract
With the widespread application of artificial intelligence （AI）and machine learning in artistic creation and art historical research,the need to uncover and reflect upon their underlying logic has become increasingly urgent. Through an analysis of two texts—Michel Foucault's This Is Not a Pipe and Rosalind Krauss's Notes on the Index—it becomes evident that algorithms in art creation and art history research operate on the principle of “simulacra”,governed by the logic of the “index” and its formalism. To overcome the “simulacra”,particularly the “white noise” effect produced by AI-generated imagery,artist Hito Steyerl proposes a return to digital infrastructure. This perspective also resonates with art historian Amanda Wasielewski's critique of “ computational formalism ” and artist Trevor Paglen's challenge of “ machine realism”. Digital infrastructure and “machine realism” not only reconstruct the “objectivity” of art （history）but also open up a new path for the humanities studies in the age of AI.
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