Abstract: The study of Chinese modern economic thought history is entering a new stage where it undertakes an important historical mission in promoting the connection of both ancient and modern Chinese economic thought history, accelerating the construction of China’s economic theory and academic discourse system, and enhancing the international academic discourse power and status of China’s economic science. This paper reviews the research on the history of modern Chinese economic thought to reveal the internal mechanism and evolution law of the development of this discipline, explore future research path, and construct an academic discourse system of economics with Chinese characteristics. By analyzing the development and changes of related studies since the establishment of this discipline in the late 1980s and early 1990s, we find that the research on modern Chinese economic thought in the new era needs to emphasize the systematic collation of innovative achievements of economic theory in New China, especially since the reform and opening-up, and achieve the transformation from scattered, isolated, and domestic researches to an integrated, interconnected, and international discipline. To sum up, the combination of two approaches, delving and bridging, is the only way to develop and mature the study of history of modern Chinese economic thought and the construction of academic discourse system of economics in the new era.