清末民初尚武崇侠的社会思潮和“中国功夫”的文学想象
作者简介:汤哲声,苏州大学特聘教授(江苏苏州 215123)
基金项目:
本文系国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国百年类型文学传承创新与海外传播研究”（25＆ZD077）的阶段性成果
摘要: 清末民初尚武崇侠的社会思潮是一场民族自救运动，“中国功夫”的价值和内涵随之也发生了深刻的变化。此时的侠义小说所推崇的侠之大者，爱国爱民、草莽英雄，心系家国以及中华武学的体育化，为中国侠文化构建了新的传统。与“五四”时期借助西方文化进行社会改造的新文化、新文学运动不同，清末民初尚武崇侠的社会思潮和侠义小说中“中国功夫”的文学想象，是在中国传统文化、文学中寻找改造国民的精神力量，是中国本源文化、文学的复兴运动。
On Social Trend of Valuing Martial Arts and Chivalry in the Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China Versus Literary Imagination of “Chinese Kung Fu”
Abstract: The social trend of valuing martial arts and chivalry in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China was a national self-rescue movement,and the value and connotation of “Chinese Kung Fu” also underwent profound changes.At this time,chivalrous novels advocated the greatness of chivalry,patriotism,love for the people,reckless heroes,patriotism,and the sportsmanship of Chinese martial arts,which built a new tradition for Chinese chivalric culture.Different from the New Culture and New Literature Movement during the May Fourth Movement,which relied on Western culture for social transformation,the social trend of valuing martial arts and chivalry in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China,as well as the literary imagination of “Chinese Kung Fu” in chivalrous novels,sought the spiritual power to transform the nation in traditional Chinese culture and literature,serving as a revival movement for the original culture and literature in China.
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