论政治哲学与政治科学的关系
作者简介:王炳权，中国社会科学院政治学研究所研究员（北京 100732）
摘要: 为推动当代中国政治学的创新发展，有必要从认知理性的变迁、认知方式的关系与认知功能的融合这三个维度，重新评估政治哲学与政治科学在人们认识政治过程中的作用与关系。从认知理性变迁的维度看，政治学经历了一个从形成古典原型到当代语境中的再反思的认知理性非线性变迁历程，需要在“协合”与“共存”而不是“对立”与“替代”的思维中，重新评估政治哲学与政治科学在未来政治学发展图景中的地位与关系。从认知方式的维度看，政治哲学与政治科学的区分既是必要的，也是相对的。两者各有其特点和局限，而政治学的困境有望在价值取向与科学取向的融会贯通中得以消解。从认知功能的融合维度看，有必要全面客观地看待政治学研究从哲学时代向科学时代的转变，实现本土化的政治哲学与政治科学在认识−解释−解决中国问题上的融合与统一。
On the Relationship between Political Philosophy and Political Science
- Available Online:
2022-12-15
Abstract: In the process of understanding politics, it is necessary to reassess the role and relationship between political philosophy and political science, from three dimensions: the change of cognitive rationality, the relationship of cognitive approaches and the integration of cognitive functions, to promote the innovative development of contemporary Chinese political science. From the dimension of the change of cognitive rationality, political science has undergone a non-linear change from the formation of classical archetypes to rethinking in the contemporary context. It is necessary to re-evaluate the position and relation between political philosophy and political science in the idea of “concordance” and “coexistence” rather than “opposition” and “substitution” in the future development of political science. From the dimension of cognitive approach, the distinction between political philosophy and political science is not only necessary but also relative. Both have their own characteristics and limitations. Nevertheless, the dilemma of political science is expected to be dissolved in the integration of value orientation and scientific orientation. As for the integration of cognitive functions, it is necessary to take a comprehensive and objective view of the transformation of political science research from the philosophical era to the scientific era, and realize the integration and unification, in the understanding-explaining-solving Chinese problems, of localized political philosophy and political science.
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